Shrinkage Rates of Common Textile Fabrics and Influencing Factors Shrinkage is a phenomenon where textiles change in length or width after washing, dehydration, and drying. The degree of shrinkage involves different types of fibers, fabric structure, and the external forces applied during fabric processing. "Synthetic fibers and blended fabrics have the lowest shrinkage rates, followed by wool, linen, and cotton fabrics in the middle. Silk fabrics shrink significantly, while viscose, rayon, and artificial wool fabrics shrink the most."

Differences between Pre-shrinking, Washing, and Sand Washing I. Pre-shrinking Pre-shrinking is a finishing process that uses physical methods to reduce fabric shrinkage after soaking in water, also known as mechanical pre-shrinking. Pre-shrinking primarily controls the warp shrinkage rate of the fabric. Before pre-shrinking, the warp shrinkage rate is generally 7-8%. After pre-shrinking, the warp shrinkage rate is typically required to meet the national standard of 3% or the US standard of 3%. Due to different drying methods, the US standard requirement is higher; 3% in the US standard is equivalent to 1% in the national standard.

The Influence of Various Spinning Methods on Yarn Properties 1. Physical Properties of Short Fibers Different short fiber spinning processes have varying effects on the physical properties and appearance of yarns, and even on the characteristics of the final product. (1) Different spinning methods affect yarn structure. The structure of short fiber yarn differs from that of filament yarn, primarily in the arrangement of fibers both externally and internally. External structure includes the yarn's appearance and surface texture, such as fiber arrangement on the yarn surface, yarn hairiness, coefficient of friction, yarn properties, abrasion resistance, and other surface characteristics.

Woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and other types of fabrics undergo certain deformations in their original width, length, and other aspects due to the effects of moisture, heat, tension, and other processes such as pre-treatment, dyeing, or printing.

In production, it is common to encounter situations where polyester or polyester containing fabrics are dyed out of the vat, and the fabric surface and color light are normal, but after being processed in the next process, there are color changes or local spots and stripes, as well as a decrease in color fastness. This type of problem can be easily repaired after re repair

The solubility stability of reactive turquoise blue and reactive light yellow in salt and alkali solutions is poor. Once too much or too early salt and soda ash are added, it is easy to produce condensation, which seriously affects the uniform adsorption and diffusion of dyes, resulting in excessive floating color and a decrease in dyeing fastness.